How-To

How to Create Strong Passwords

  1. Use a mix of characters
  2. Make it long and unique
  3. Avoid common words and patterns
  4. Use a password manager
  5. Enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)

How to Secure Your Home Wi-Fi Network

  1. Change default router setting
  2. Enable WPA3 or WPA2 encryption
  3. Hide your network name (SSID)
  4. Use a guest network
  5. Keep your router firmware updated

How to Protect Yourself from Mobile Money Fraud in Ghana

  1. Keep your pin confidential
  2. Verify before you pay
  3. Be cautious of phishing messages
  4. Report suspicious activity
  5. Use secure devices

How to Clear Your Digital Footprints

  1. Delete old accounts
  2. Remove personal information from search engines
  3. Opt out of data broker websites
  4. Review privacy settings
  5. Use privacy-focused browsers and search engines (duckduckgo)

How to Secure Your Social Media Accounts

  1. Enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)
  2. Use strong and unique passwords
  3. Review App permissions
  4. Limit personal information given
  5. Be cautious of friend requests from unknown persons

How to Set Up a Secure Home Wi-Fi Network

  1. Change default router settings
  2. Use a strong Wi-Fi password
  3. Enable WPA3 Encryption (WP2 if WPA3 unavailable)
  4. Hide your SSID (Optional)
  5. Keep router firmware updated

How to Back Up Your Data Securely

  1. Choose a reliable backup method (Google drive, Dropbox, Onedrive)
  2. Set up automated backups
  3. Encrypt your backups
  4. Test your backups
  5. Keep multiple copies

How to Protect Your Privacy While Using Public Wi-Fi

  1. Avoid sensitive transactions
  2. Use a Virtual Private Network (VPN)
  3. Turn off sharing features
  4. Access HTTPS websites only
  5. Forget Network After Use

How to Install and Set Up a Virtual Machine

  1. Choose a virtualization software (VirtualBox, VMware)
  2. Download the operating system image for the preferred OS
  3. Create a new virtual machine and allocate CPU, RAM and storage
  4. Install the operating system
  5. Install guest additions

How to Identify and Avoid Phishing Scams

  1. Check the sender’s email address
  2. Inspect links before clicking
  3. Watch out for urgent language
  4. Verify with the source directly
  5. Use anti-phishing tools

How to Spot a Deepfake Video or Image

  1. Look for unnatural facial movements or mismatched lip-syncing.
  2. Check the lighting and reflections—AI-generated content often lacks consistency
  3. Reverse search images to see if the content has been altered
  4. Verify the source of the video or image for credibility
  5. Use deepfake detection tools like Deepware Scanner or Sensity AI

How to Prevent Ransomware Attacks

  1. Avoid opening suspicious email attachments or clicking unknown links
  2. Regularly back up your files to an offline or cloud-based service
  3. Keep your operating system and antivirus updated to prevent exploits
  4. Use strong, unique passwords and enable MFA
  5. Disable macros in MS Office files to prevent ransomware execution

How to Recover a Hacked Social Media Account

  1. Try resetting your password immediately using the account recovery option
  2. Check your email for security alerts and follow the instructions
  3. Enable multi-factor authentication (MFA) to prevent future attacks
  4. Scan your device for malware to remove keyloggers
  5. Report the hack to the platform’s support team if you can’t regain access

How to Stay Anonymous Online

  1. Use a VPN to hide your IP address and encrypt internet traffic
  2. Use a privacy-focused browser like Tor or Brave
  3. Avoid logging into personal accounts when browsing anonymously
  4. Disable location tracking and cookies on websites
  5. Use an encrypted email service instead of mainstream providers

How to Stop Spam Emails and Unwanted Calls

  1. Unsubscribe from newsletters and mailing lists you no longer need
  2. Block spam emails by marking them as junk in your email settings
  3. Use a spam filter or an email alias to separate important emails
  4. Enable call blocking on your phone or use a spam-blocking app
  5. Avoid sharing your phone number and email on public websites

How to Back Up Your Data Automatically

  1. Use a cloud backup service like Google Drive, OneDrive, or Dropbox
  2. Set up automatic backups on your phone, computer, or external hard drive
  3. Follow the 3-2-1 backup rule (three copies, two media types, one offsite)
  4. Schedule regular backups to prevent data loss
  5. Encrypt your backups to protect sensitive files

How to Recognize a Fake Website

  1. Check the URL carefully for misspellings or extra characters (e.g., “paypall.com” instead of “paypal.com”)
  2. Look for HTTPS and a padlock icon in the address bar to ensure a secure connection
  3. Analyze the website design—poor formatting or broken links are red flags
  4. Be cautious of unrealistic offers and urgent demands to enter your personal information
  5. Use an online website checker tool like ScamAdviser to verify its legitimacy

How to Protect Your Phone from Hackers

  1. Enable biometric authentication (fingerprint or Face ID) and use a strong passcode
  2. Keep your operating system and apps updated to fix security vulnerabilities
  3. Avoid downloading apps from unknown sources and stick to official app stores
  4. Turn off Bluetooth and Wi-Fi when not in use
  5. Use a mobile security app to scan for malware and suspicious activity

How to Set Up an Encrypted Email Account

  1. Choose a secure email provider like ProtonMail or Tutanota
  2. Enable end-to-end encryption for all outgoing emails
  3. Use strong passwords and enable MFA for added security
  4. Avoid using your encrypted email for unnecessary logins or subscriptions
  5. Regularly update your security settings and keep your email private

How to Report a Cybercrime in Ghana

  1. Gather all evidence (screenshots, emails, transaction records, etc.)
  2. File a complaint in person or through the Cybersecurity Authority’s official platform
  3. Visit the Cyber Crime Unit of the Ghana Police Service
  4. Monitor your case status and provide any additional information needed
  5. Educate yourself on how to avoid similar cyber threats in the future
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